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81.
Fernando Llavador Colomer Enrique Mantilla Iglesias Tatiana Gómez Pérez Andreu Campos-Candel Caterina Coll Lozano 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):863-872
A monitoring program based on an indirect method was conducted to assess the approximation of the olfactory impact in several wastewater treatment plants (in the present work, only one is shown). The method uses H2S passive sampling using Palmes-type diffusion tubes impregnated with silver nitrate and fluorometric analysis employing fluorescein mercuric acetate. The analytical procedure was validated in the exposure chamber. Exposure periods of at least 4 days are recommended. The quantification limit of the procedure is 0.61 ppb for a 5-day sampling, which allows the H2S immission (ground concentration) level to be measured within its low odor threshold, from 0.5 to 300 ppb. Experimental results suggest an exposure time greater than 4 days, while recovery efficiency of the procedure, 93.0 ± 1.8%, seems not to depend on the amount of H2S collected by the samplers within their application range. The repeatability, expressed as relative standard deviation, is lower than 7%, which is within the limits normally accepted for this type of sampler. Statistical comparison showed that this procedure and the reference method provide analogous accuracy. The proposed procedure was applied in two experimental campaigns, one intensive and the other extensive, and concentrations within the H2S low odor threshold were quantified at each sampling point. From these results, it can be concluded that the procedure shows good potential for monitoring the olfactory impact around facilities where H2S emissions are dominant.
Implications: Passive samplers are very attractive tools to experimentally tackle a number of air pollution problems, especially those related to odor impact. Their small size and cost permit a denser sampling design and thus a more detailed spatial characterization than other techniques. On the other hand, the large inherent variability in passive sampler measures requires an uncertainty analysis of the chemical species and analytical procedures used. 相似文献
82.
José Fenoll Isabel Garrido Pilar Hellín Pilar Flores Nuria Vela 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):601-608
In this study, we examined the effect of four different organic wastes (OW)—composted sheep manure (CSM), spent coffee grounds (SCG), composted pine bark (CPB) and coir (CR)—on the potential groundwater pollution of propanil and isoxaben (herbicides), cadusafos (insecticide) and pencycuron (fungicide) under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, leaching studies were conducted using disturbed soil columns filled with a clay loam soil (Hipercalcic calcisol). The addition of organic matter (OM) drastically reduced the movement of the studied pesticides. The results obtained point to the interest in the use of agro-industrial and composted OW in reducing the groundwater pollution by pesticide drainage. 相似文献
83.
Application of water quality indices and analysis of the surface water quality monitoring network in semiarid North-Central Chile 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Espejo L Kretschmer N Oyarzún J Meza F Núñez J Maturana H Soto G Oyarzo P Garrido M Suckel F Amezaga J Oyarzún R 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(9):5571-5588
Surface water quality has increasing importance worldwide and is particularly relevant in the semiarid North-Central Chile, where agriculture and mining activities are imposing heavy pressure on limited water resources. The current study presents the application of a water quality index in four watersheds of the 29°-33°S realm for the period 1999-2008, based on the Canadian Council of Ministers for the Environment approach and the Chilean regulation for irrigation water quality. In addition, two modifications to the index are tested and a comprehensive characterization of the existing monitoring network is performed through cluster analysis. The basins studied show fairly good water quality in the overall, specially the Limarí basin. On the other hand, the lower index values were obtained for the headwaters of Elqui, associated with the El Indio mining district. The first modification of the indicator (i.e., to consider parameters differentially according to their effect on human health or the environment) did not produce major differences with respect to the original index, given the generally good water quality. The second modification (i.e., to consider as threshold values the more restrictive figures derived from a set of regulations) yielded important differences in the indicator values. Finally, an adequate characterization of the monitoring network was obtained. The results presented spatial coherence and the information can be used as a basis for the optimization of the monitoring network if required. 相似文献
84.
Simulation of the influence of industrial wastewater on a municipal sewage treatment plant—a case study 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ákos Rédey Viola Somogyi József Ányos Endre Domokos Péter Thury Tatiana Yuzhakova 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2011,18(2):192-198
Purpose
Industrial wastewater flow caused operational difficulties in the wastewater treatment plant in Debrecen, Hungary. Bioaugmentation was successfully applied to maintain effluent quality in the periods when wastewater of high starch content was accepted, but, at the end of 2008, the nitrification capacity of the plant decreased considerably due to improperly pre-treated pharmaceutical wastewater. 相似文献85.
Tatiana Wuytack Kris Verheyen Karen Wuyts Fatemeh Kardel Sandy Adriaenssens Roeland Samson 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,171(1-4):197-204
In this study, we assess the potential of white willow (Salix alba L.) as bioindicator for monitoring of air quality. Therefore, shoot biomass, specific leaf area, stomatal density, stomatal pore surface, and stomatal resistance were assessed from leaves of stem cuttings. The stem cuttings were introduced in two regions in Belgium with a relatively high and a relatively low level of air pollution, i.e., Antwerp city and Zoersel, respectively. In each of these regions, nine sampling points were selected. At each sampling point, three stem cuttings of white willow were planted in potting soil. Shoot biomass and specific leaf area were not significantly different between Antwerp city and Zoersel. Microclimatic differences between the sampling points may have been more important to plant growth than differences in air quality. However, stomatal pore surface and stomatal resistance of white willow were significantly different between Zoersel and Antwerp city. Stomatal pore surface was 20% lower in Antwerp city due to a significant reduction in both stomatal length (?11%) and stomatal width (?14%). Stomatal resistance at the adaxial leaf surface was 17% higher in Antwerp city because of the reduction in stomatal pore surface. Based on these results, we conclude that stomatal characteristics of white willow are potentially useful indicators for air quality. 相似文献
86.
Zamulina Inna V. Gorovtsov Andrey V. Minkina Tatiana M. Mandzhieva Saglara S. Burachevskaya Marina V. Bauer Tatiana V. 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2022,44(2):387-398
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Organic matter (OM) and enzymes activity can act as indicators of the time and level of soil contamination with heavy metal. The goal of this study is... 相似文献
87.
Konstantinova Elizaveta Minkina Tatiana Konstantinov Alexandr Sushkova Svetlana Antonenko Elena Kurasova Alina Loiko Sergey 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2022,44(2):409-432
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - This study investigated levels and sources of pollution and potential health risks associated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and polycyclic aromatic... 相似文献
88.
Gavriliev Sakhayaan Petrova Tatiana Miklyaev Petr 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(59):88606-88617
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This article delves into the factors that may influence radon flux, such as soil properties and weather conditions, on the example of two experimental... 相似文献
89.
Kolehmainen E Tuppurainen K Lanina SA Sievänen E Laihia K Boyarskiy VP Nikiforov VA Zhesko TE 《Chemosphere》2006,62(3):368-374
Two quantum chemical models have been derived for the prediction of 13C NMR chemical shifts of novel PCB acids obtained from PCBs by catalytic carbonylation. 13C isotropic shielding constants were calculated employing the GIAO (gauge-independent atomic orbital) method with density functional theory (DFT). The best results were obtained by cluster calculations, which took the solvent effects into account properly. In this approach, a solvent molecule (acetone) was attached by a hydrogen bond to every hydrogen atom present in a PCB acid, and the geometry of the molecular cluster was optimized employing the AM1 method. For 158 chemical shifts, the cross-validated standard error was 2.8 ppm and the cross-validated correlation coefficient was 0.94. 相似文献
90.
Bartkow ME Kennedy KE Huckins JN Holling N Komarova T Müller JF 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,144(2):371-376
Semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were loaded with deuterated anthracene and pyrene as performance reference compounds (PRCs) and deployed at a test site in four different chambers (open and closed box chamber, bowl chamber and cage chamber) for 29 days. The losses of PRCs and the uptake of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the ambient air were quantified. UV-B levels measured in each deployment chamber indicated that SPMDs would be exposed to the most UV-B in the cage chamber and open box chamber. Significantly less PAHs were quantified in SPMDs deployed in the cage chamber and open box chamber compared to samplers from the other two chambers, suggesting that photodegradation of PAHs had occurred. The loss of PRCs confirmed these results but also showed that photodegradation was occurring in the closed box chamber. The bowl chamber appears to provide the best protection from the influence of direct photodegradation. 相似文献